From North Carolina to Tennessee to Indiana to the Osage Trail
In brief: The travels of this branch of the Manes family from Moore County, North Carolina, to Hawkins County, Tennessee (circa 1785), to Owen County, Indiana (circa 1832), and to Miller and Pulaski Counties in Missouri (circa 1840). The post ends with the murder of Callaway's father near Mountain Grove, Missouri in 1853.
Time period 1780 to 1853.
Callaway's father, Jacob Wilson Manes, was born circa 1781 in North Carolina. The area became Moore County in 1784. Shortly after his birth, Jacob's parents, Seth and Patsy Fields Manes, moved westward to an area that became, first Hawkins County, North Carolina, in 1787, then was ceded from North Carolina to Tennessee. They left behind a large group of Manes/Maness family members. with many descendants still in Moore County today.
Callaway was the first son of Jacob Wilson and Mary Lawson Manes. The Lawson and Manes families lived next to each other on the north side of Clinch Mountain when Callaway was born about 1809. Clinch Mountain is a long ridge that stretches for 150 miles through Virginia and Tennessee. "Jacob made his living by trading with the Indians, hunting, and trapping. He was away from home much of the time. As time went on Jacob became increasingly restless, complaining that game was getting scarce because of too many settlers and that there were fewer Indians to trade with."(1)
"Jacob, his wife, and their six sons - Callaway, Wade, Seth, William Bryson, James and Nicholas - headed north in a covered wagon, crossing the states of Tennessee and Kentucky. When they came to the Ohio River, camp was struck for several days while a raft was built. This raft carried the family across to the Indiana side. The march northward was continued until a place was found to suit Jacob's fancy. The site was near what is now Terre Haute, Indiana. Here a log cabin was erected."(1)
Soon the family was on the move again. "They stopped at a space 35 miles east of Terre Haute, in Clay Township, Owen County, Indiana. Here, according to Jacob Wilson Manes, was an ideal spot. The land was high and dry. There were almost no settlers and plenty of game. An abundance of water was supplied by Raccoon Creek and White River, which ran close by and were filled with good edible fish; plenty of timber was available for building. The location offered everything that tended to make a pioneer's life easier."(1) Historical accounts of Owen County, Indiana, list the family's arrival in 1832.(2) Jacob's wife, Mary Lawson Manes, and many of their children remained in Owen County for the rest of their lives.
Soon the family was on the move again. "They stopped at a space 35 miles east of Terre Haute, in Clay Township, Owen County, Indiana. Here, according to Jacob Wilson Manes, was an ideal spot. The land was high and dry. There were almost no settlers and plenty of game. An abundance of water was supplied by Raccoon Creek and White River, which ran close by and were filled with good edible fish; plenty of timber was available for building. The location offered everything that tended to make a pioneer's life easier."(1) Historical accounts of Owen County, Indiana, list the family's arrival in 1832.(2) Jacob's wife, Mary Lawson Manes, and many of their children remained in Owen County for the rest of their lives.
Not mentioned in the above source, the family members traveling from Tennessee to Indiana also included several members of the Evans family and Callaway's wife Sallie and young son Albert. Callaway Manes married Sarah "Sallie" Evans on July 7, 1828. Callaway and Sallie were living in Hawkins County, Tennessee, next to her father and mother, Archibald and Mary Manes Evans, in 1830 when their son Albert was born.(3) Callaway's father-in-law, Archibald Evans, was a son of William Evans, noted as one of the first school teachers in Hawkins County circa 1784.
Missouri had been granted statehood in 1821. The Osage Indians ceded their traditional lands across Missouri, Arkansas, and Oklahoma in the treaties of 1818 and 1825.(4) The movement of the tribes to western lands opened Missouri to white settlers. Callaway's father, Jacob Wilson Manes, came to Missouri in 1835. No records have been located ending Jacob's marriage to Mary Lawson Manes, but she remained in Indiana. One story tells that Jacob left Indiana with a drove of horses and the family never knew what happened to him(2); however, four of his sons followed him from Indiana to Missouri over the next five years.
Jacob Manes administered the estate of Archibald Evans' brother in Gasconade County, Missouri, in 1835.(5) His widow was living with family in an area of Gasconade County that became Miller County, established in 1837. Emaline Hice Evans was a relative of the Parks family, early Missouri settlers from Hawkins County, Tennessee. Jacob Wilson Manes married the widow, and they remained in Miller County until 1844.
This area of Missouri had been a hunting ground of the Osage Indians. "The forests and the prairies were filled with bears, deers, wild turkeys, squirrels, and rabbits. The flesh of these animals furnished sustenance, with the skins of the deer and bear made into clothing. Wolves, panthers, and wildcats made life exciting."(6) Trapping animals for their fur was a very profitable business.
Callaway Manes witnessed a land sale for his father in Miller County in 1839.(9) Callaway chose to settle in neighboring Pulaski County, Missouri. "For some time Callaway lived in a cabin in what was known as Still House Hollow on the William Gillespie farm on the Gasconade River when that entire area was wilderness. Callaway Manes, William Gillespie, and Isaac Davis, made a crop there. The cabin was an old trapper's cabin without any door or window. At the same time, he laid the foundations of two cabins on Conn's Creek, but continued to cultivate land on the Gillespie place until he had cleared out a sufficient land of his own claim. In those early years, the foundation for a cabin was sufficient to hold a claim against subsequent comers."(10) The ties between the Manes and Gillespie families can be traced back to Moore County, North Carolina. The Gillespie and Davis families had moved to Missouri by 1829.
Jacob Manes administered the estate of Archibald Evans' brother in Gasconade County, Missouri, in 1835.(5) His widow was living with family in an area of Gasconade County that became Miller County, established in 1837. Emaline Hice Evans was a relative of the Parks family, early Missouri settlers from Hawkins County, Tennessee. Jacob Wilson Manes married the widow, and they remained in Miller County until 1844.
This area of Missouri had been a hunting ground of the Osage Indians. "The forests and the prairies were filled with bears, deers, wild turkeys, squirrels, and rabbits. The flesh of these animals furnished sustenance, with the skins of the deer and bear made into clothing. Wolves, panthers, and wildcats made life exciting."(6) Trapping animals for their fur was a very profitable business.
Callaway Manes witnessed a land sale for his father in Miller County in 1839.(9) Callaway chose to settle in neighboring Pulaski County, Missouri. "For some time Callaway lived in a cabin in what was known as Still House Hollow on the William Gillespie farm on the Gasconade River when that entire area was wilderness. Callaway Manes, William Gillespie, and Isaac Davis, made a crop there. The cabin was an old trapper's cabin without any door or window. At the same time, he laid the foundations of two cabins on Conn's Creek, but continued to cultivate land on the Gillespie place until he had cleared out a sufficient land of his own claim. In those early years, the foundation for a cabin was sufficient to hold a claim against subsequent comers."(10) The ties between the Manes and Gillespie families can be traced back to Moore County, North Carolina. The Gillespie and Davis families had moved to Missouri by 1829.
Miller, Camden, and Pulaski Counties are neighboring counties in south central Missouri. County records of the area in this time period can be challenging. Mrs. J.R. Traw described the situation: “My mother told this story: Her older sister Polly Ann Moulder Allison was born in Pulaski County in 1839. My mother was born in Kinderhook County in 1842 and their brother, the late Tom H.B. Moulder was born 1845 in Camden County - they were all born in the same house."(7) (Camden County was initially named Kinderhook County.)
The Kickapoo Trace and the Osage Trail were Indian trails in this area. The Kickapoo Trace was a forerunner of historic Route 66. In 1838 the Cherokee Removal, or Trail of Tears, passed through this area following the Kickapoo Trace, and many of the soldiers escorting the Indians settled here.(8)
Callaway's younger brother Seth had married Sallie's sister, Rebecca Evans, in Indiana. Seth and Rebecca Manes also moved to Pulaski County from Indiana with their family. Their son, Thomas Callaway, was born in Pulaski County in March 1840, and Callaway and Sallie's son, Willliam Gillespie Manes, was born in October. "Seth was offered his choice of the two claims on which Callaway had laid foundations. Seth chose the one near the head of the stream and, in due time, erected a house of heavy hewn log timbers in which he lived the remainder of his life and where he reared his children and some of his grandchildren."(10)
Sallie and Rebecca's parents, Archibald and Mary Evans, also came to Pulaski County with four other daughters. A seventh daughter had married Israel Light in Indiana and moved to Camden County earlier. Six of the seven Evans daughters lived the remainder of their lives in this area.
In February 1844, Jacob Manes left Miller County to join his sons Callaway and Seth in Pulaski County. Samuel Jasper Manes, Jacob's youngest boy by his last wife, remembers riding behind his father on horseback during the move. "Samuel was a few days past four years. A heavy rain storm coming up on the way, all but the old man and the little boy were thrown from their horses, goods and all."(10)
Jacob Wilson Manes cleared four acres of land that spring for William Gillespie in the lower field of the Jesse Gillespie Place. Jacob and his family moved on to Hot Springs, Arkansas, where his step-daughter, Minerva Jane Evans, married Reuben Lambert in 1850. In January 1853 Reuben Lambert and Jacob Wilson Manes got into a fight near Mountain Grove, Missouri, and Callaway's father was killed.(10) It's plausible that the two men were trapping and trading furs, as the fur-trading town of Astoria existed near Mountain Grove at that time.
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Sources:
(1) History of the Maners Family by A. F. Maners. Published in 1940. A copy of this book is available at the Indiana State Library. Please note that there are some errors in the book.
(2) Counties of Clay and Owen, Indiana: Historical and Biographical by Charles Blanchard.
(3) 1830 Census of Hawkins County, Tennessee
(4) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osage_Nation#Removal_to_Indian_Territory
(5) Gasconade County, Missouri Probate Records. Estate of William Evans filed March 11, 1835. Jacob W. Manes, Administrator. The probate file for this estate can be viewed on microfilm at the Missouri State Archives in Jefferson City, or copies of the pages from the file requested by mail.
(6) Judge Jenkins' History of Miller County, Missouri. by Clyde Lee Jenkins. Tuscumbia, MO, 1971. A copy of this book is available online at http://www.millercountymuseum.org/jenkinshistorybook/index.html.
(7) Newspaper article about the Moulder family in the Reveille on August 4, 1972.
(8) http://files.usgwarchives.net/mo/camden/cemeteries/olderie.txt
(9) Miller County, Missouri Land Transfers. Excerpt from Book A, pgs. 108-109. A copy of these pages can be requested by mail to the Miller County Clerk, Tuscumbia, Missouri.
(10) Manuscript of family history and letters written by Samuel Jasper Manes and Jesse Gustin. These pages are contained in the collection edited by E.V. Brezeale. The collection is available on microfilm at the Springfield, Missouri Public Library or the microfilm may be requested at any LDS Family History Center.
_________________________________________________________________
Sources:
(1) History of the Maners Family by A. F. Maners. Published in 1940. A copy of this book is available at the Indiana State Library. Please note that there are some errors in the book.
(2) Counties of Clay and Owen, Indiana: Historical and Biographical by Charles Blanchard.
| Publisher: | Chicago : F.A. Battey & Co., 1884. Google ebook available free. |
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(4) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osage_Nation#Removal_to_Indian_Territory
(5) Gasconade County, Missouri Probate Records. Estate of William Evans filed March 11, 1835. Jacob W. Manes, Administrator. The probate file for this estate can be viewed on microfilm at the Missouri State Archives in Jefferson City, or copies of the pages from the file requested by mail.
(6) Judge Jenkins' History of Miller County, Missouri. by Clyde Lee Jenkins. Tuscumbia, MO, 1971. A copy of this book is available online at http://www.millercountymuseum.org/jenkinshistorybook/index.html.
(7) Newspaper article about the Moulder family in the Reveille on August 4, 1972.
(8) http://files.usgwarchives.net/mo/camden/cemeteries/olderie.txt
(9) Miller County, Missouri Land Transfers. Excerpt from Book A, pgs. 108-109. A copy of these pages can be requested by mail to the Miller County Clerk, Tuscumbia, Missouri.
(10) Manuscript of family history and letters written by Samuel Jasper Manes and Jesse Gustin. These pages are contained in the collection edited by E.V. Brezeale. The collection is available on microfilm at the Springfield, Missouri Public Library or the microfilm may be requested at any LDS Family History Center.
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